Students participated in individualized sensory integration interventions, two times per week for fifteen weeks, each session lasting thirty minutes, complemented by weekly ten-minute consultations between their occupational therapists and teachers.
Each week, the dependent variables—functional regulation and active participation—were monitored. The Short Child Occupational Profile and Behavior Assessment System for Children, Third Edition were assessed both before and after the intervention efforts. Semi-structured interviews with teachers and participants, assessing goal attainment scaling, were concluded after the intervention.
Using a two-standard deviation band method or celeration line analysis, it was evident that all three students experienced significant improvement in functional regulation and active classroom participation during the intervention. All the additional measures displayed a notable positive development.
Sensory integration and processing challenges in children can be addressed with sensory integration interventions and consultations in the educational setting, potentially leading to enhanced school performance and participation. This article details a school-based service delivery model, supported by empirical evidence, that effectively addresses the challenges faced by students with sensory integration and processing issues. These students experience difficulties with occupational engagement, and existing embedded supports prove insufficient; therefore, this model improves functional regulation and active participation.
Improving school performance and participation in children with sensory integration and processing challenges is attainable through sensory integration interventions, with the assistance of consultation in the educational setting. The article introduces an evidence-backed service delivery framework specifically for schools, proven to improve students' functional regulation and active involvement. This framework addresses students with sensory integration and processing issues that hinder occupational engagement, conditions not adequately managed by integrated support systems.
Participation in substantial occupations fosters both a good quality of life and well-being. The lower quality of life experienced by autistic children necessitates a thorough examination of the factors contributing to the challenges they face in participating fully in life.
To discover the predictors of participation difficulties in a substantial data collection from autistic children, to better support professionals in targeting appropriate interventions.
Multivariate regression analysis, applied to a vast retrospective cross-sectional dataset, examined the interplay of home life, friendships, classroom learning, and leisure activities.
A data set derived from the 2011 Survey of Pathways to Diagnosis and Services.
Of the 834 autistic children with co-occurring intellectual disability (ID) and 227 autistic children with no intellectual disability (ID), their parents or caregivers are being studied.
In occupational therapy practice, participation is most strongly correlated with sensory processing, emotional regulation, behavioral variables, and social variables. Our outcomes concur with those of previous, smaller studies, underscoring the importance of client-centric approaches to occupational therapy in relation to these crucial areas.
To foster increased participation in home life, friendships, classroom learning, and leisure activities, autistic children's interventions should integrate strategies targeting sensory processing, emotional regulation, behavioral skills, and social skills, reflecting their unique neurological processing. This study emphasizes the significance of integrating sensory processing and social skill development into occupational therapy interventions for autistic children, regardless of intellectual capacity, to facilitate increased participation in activities. Interventions designed to promote cognitive flexibility can help in building emotional regulation and behavioral skills. This article employs the identity-first language 'autistic people'. In a conscious effort to be non-ableist, this language describes their strengths and abilities. Autistic communities and self-advocates are drawn to this language; additionally, health care professionals and researchers have also adopted it, as reported by Bottema-Beutel et al. (2021) and Kenny et al. (2016).
Interventions for autistic children, targeting sensory processing, emotional regulation, behavioral skills, and social skills, and aiming to address their underlying neurological processing, can enhance their engagement in home life, friendships, classroom learning, and leisure activities. Our research indicates that occupational therapy for autistic children with or without intellectual disabilities, should prioritize sensory processing and social skills to enhance their active participation. Interventions designed to improve cognitive flexibility can also improve emotional regulation and behavioral skills. Consistent with the identity-first approach, this article uses the terminology 'autistic people'. A conscious effort was made to use this non-ableist language, explicitly detailing their strengths and abilities. The adoption of this language, favored by autistic communities and self-advocates, is now common in health care settings and among researchers (Bottema-Beutel et al., 2021; Kenny et al., 2016).
A significant factor in the well-being of autistic adults, and of increasing importance given the swelling numbers and the continuous need for support, is the role of their caregivers.
To ascertain the roles assumed by caregivers in assisting autistic adults, what are the specific actions undertaken?
The study's methodology was characterized by a descriptive qualitative design. Caregivers participated in a two-stage interview. The data analysis process encompassed the extraction of narratives and a multi-phased coding procedure, culminating in the discovery of three key caregiving themes.
Among the caregivers of autistic adults, there are thirty-one.
Three dominant themes pertaining to caregiving roles were identified: (1) the fulfillment of daily living needs, (2) the obtaining of necessary services and support, and (3) the rendering of unnoticed support. A theme's organization consisted of three sub-themes. Despite variations in age, gender, adaptive behavior scores, employment status, and residential status, the roles were uniformly performed by the autistic adults.
Caregivers' various roles contributed to the autistic adult's engagement in meaningful occupations. read more By addressing daily routines, leisure activities, and executive function skills, occupational therapy can assist autistic individuals throughout their lifespan, ultimately lessening the need for caregiving and support services. Support can be provided to caregivers as they address present issues and design plans for future goals. This study's descriptions portray the nuanced demands of caregiving for adults with autism. Occupational therapists, attuned to the diverse responsibilities undertaken by caregivers, can render services that assist both autistic individuals and their caring relatives. There is considerable debate and controversy surrounding the choice between using person-first and identity-first language; this is something we acknowledge. We've selected identity-first language for two compelling arguments. According to studies, like the one conducted by Botha et al. (2021), 'person with autism' is generally the least favored term by autistic individuals themselves. A second observation from our interview process revealed 'autistic' as the prevailing descriptive term.
In order to support their autistic adult's meaningful occupational participation, caregivers adopted a wide range of roles. Occupational therapists can aid autistic individuals at all life stages, strengthening their daily skills, leisure activities, and executive functioning capabilities, lessening the demand for caregiving or external support. Caregivers can also be supported in their management of the present and future planning. This study's contribution is to present illustrative descriptions that reveal the intricate nature of caregiving for autistic adults. Occupational therapy practitioners, with a thorough grasp of the multifaceted roles assumed by caregivers, can design services that assist autistic individuals and their caregivers. Regarding the use of person-first or identity-first language, this positionality statement acknowledges the controversy surrounding this choice. Two factors drove our choice to implement identity-first language. The term 'person with autism', per studies like Botha et al. (2021), is reported to be the least preferred among autistic individuals. In the second place, “autistic” was the prevalent term used by our interview subjects.
Nonionic surfactants are expected to enhance the stability of hydrophilic nanoparticles (NPs) within an aqueous medium. Nonionic surfactants' bulk phase behavior in water, influenced by salinity and temperature, contrasts with the limited knowledge about how these solvent factors affect surfactant adsorption and self-assembly processes onto nanoparticles. To probe the effects of salinity and temperature, we integrate adsorption isotherms, dispersion transmittance, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to investigate the adsorption of pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E5) surfactant on silica nanoparticles. read more As temperature and salinity levels rise, there is a concurrent amplification in surfactant adsorption onto nanoparticles. read more Silica NPs aggregate as salinity and temperature rise, as determined by SANS measurements and computational reverse-engineering analysis of scattering experiments (CREASE). We demonstrate a non-monotonic trend in the viscosity of the C12E5-silica NP mixture when temperature and salinity are elevated, and we further explain this observation through the aggregated state of the nanoparticles. The study fundamentally elucidates the configuration and phase transition of surfactant-coated NPs, offering a temperature-based strategy for manipulating the viscosity of such dispersions.